My Own Story - Emmeline Pankhurst
The British suffragette who led the movement to victory tells her story of tireless activism in this political memoir.
One of the most influential women's suffrage movement leaders, Emmeline Pankhurst, developed an aggressive style of protest that would get her and her followers arrested many times before ultimately winning all women over twenty-one the right to vote. Born in Manchester in 1858, Pankhurst became a dedicated suffragette at fourteen. By 1927, she would run for Parliament.
Told in her own words, this is Pankhurst's story of organisation and outrage, hardship and hunger strikes, and her dogged determination to dismantle the many roadblocks designed to stop her and all women from claiming their freedom. This fascinating memoir is the basis for the award-winning film Suffragette, starring Meryl Streep as Emmeline Pankhurst.
Add info No1)
Book "My Own Story" by Emmeline Pankhurst
1)
Volunteers converted this book from its physical edition to a digital format. You may find it for free on the web. Purchase of the Kindle edition includes wireless delivery.
2)
Emmeline Pankhurst (1858-1928) was an English political activist and suffragette. Born in Manchester to politically active parents, Pankhurst grew up familiar with radical politics and militant activism, eventually founding the Women's Franchise League.
3)
An early advocate for universal women's suffrage, Pankhurst was barred from the Independent Labour Party due to her sex and worked for a time as a Poor Law Guardian, where she witnessed the horrible realities of life for Manchester's working poor.
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In 1903, she founded the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), an organisation dedicated to achieving suffrage for women by any means necessary. Imprisoned for the destruction of property and assaulting police officers, Pankhurst and her followers staged hunger strikes and forced the press and political establishment to acknowledge their demands.
5)
During the First World War, Pankhurst and the WSPU put their activism on hold to enter the workforce and assist in the war effort. In 1918, Parliament passed the Representation of the People Act, granting women over 30 the right to vote.
6)
Following this success, Pankhurst formed the Women's Party, advocating for women's involvement in political life and rejecting the Labour Party and Bolshevism in favour of conservative nationalism. Only weeks after she died in 1928, the British Parliament passed the Representation of the People Act 1928, granting all women over 21 the right to vote.
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Recognised as a pioneering advocate of women's suffrage, Pankhurst is remembered for her fiercely militant activism in the face of political oppression. She left a legacy for her daughters Sylvia, Adela, and Christabel to carry on in her absence.
Add info No2)
History of the Suffragettes: The British Women's Suffrage Movement
A)
What is a suffragette?
In the late 1800s and early 1900s (around World War I), when women in the UK did not have the right to vote, groups emerged that advocated for women's right to participate in elections.
B)
In 1897, Millicent Fawcett organised the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies (NUWSS – Suffrage Society) and campaigned peacefully for the vote, but to little effect.
C)
The Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) was founded in 1903 and led by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughter Crystal.
The WSPU was notorious for hosting violent protests.
(He felt sympathy for the people who had fled to England from Russia at the time.)
They broke windows, set fires, bombed buildings, and staged violent and militant protests.
(They burned letter boxes and poured acid on them. They also set fires and vandalised places where wealthy people (especially men) lived, such as cricket grounds and racecourses.)
D)
The term "suffragette" was coined in 1906 by Charles E. Hands of the Daily Mail as a derogatory term for women.
However, activists pronounced the word "suffraGETtes" with a strong "G" sound.
We don't just want to vote; we want to "get" it.
With this meaning in mind, "suffragette" became popular among the public.
E)
In 1907, many activists were imprisoned and began hunger strikes.
The authorities responded by force-feeding, but to avoid responsibility for the health damage to the inmates, they passed the Temporary Release of Prisoners based on the Deteriorating Health Act (commonly known as the Cat and Mouse Act) in 1913.
(If someone goes on a hunger strike, they will be released and imprisoned again when they recover.)
F)
Earlier in the same year, in 1913, in response to the "Cat and Mouse Laws", the WSPU created a group of women known as the "Bodyguards".
(The WSPU was subject to violence from the public, so they learned jujitsu to protect themselves.)
When World War I began in 1914, Emmeline Pankhurst decided to end all militant women's suffrage campaigning and support the war effort.
G)
The suffragette movement moved away from the women's suffrage movement and focused on supporting the war effort, ultimately ending hunger strikes. In August 1914, the British government issued an amnesty for all prisoners imprisoned for the women's suffrage movement.
Also, as the suffragettes shifted their focus to supporting the war effort, public opinion shifted in favour of the introduction of partial women's suffrage in 1918.
H)
Subsequently, the coalition government and the National Federation of Women's Suffrage Associations reached an agreement, and the Representation of the People Act was passed on 6 February 1918.
The Representation of the People Act granted suffrage to men over 21 (before this, not all British men had the right to vote) and women over 30, subject to specific conditions such as meeting minimum property requirements, being head of a household and being married. Thus, 8.4 million women gained the right to vote.
I)
The Women's Qualifications in Parliament Act was passed in November 1918, allowing women to be elected to Parliament.
The Representation of the People Act was amended in 1928 to extend the right to vote to women over 21.
(※They can now vote under the same conditions men had ten years ago.)
The suffragette movement (militant protest) remains a controversial movement to this day.
Add info No3)
Women's suffrage movement
1)
In Japan, in the early Meiji period, Fukuzawa Yukichi, Mori Arinori, Tsuda Shindo, and others discussed gender equality in the Meiroku Zasshi. During the Freedom and People's Rights Movement, Ueki Shimori advocated women's suffrage, and Kishida Toshiko and Fukuda Eiko gave speeches on gender equality.
2)
However, the Municipal System promulgated in 1888 excluded women from being eligible to vote in elections for city and town council members, and the House of Representatives Election Law enacted at the same time as the Constitution of the Empire of Japan in 1889 excluded women from the right to vote and to be elected to the Diet.
3)
Furthermore, the Assembly and Political and Social Affairs Law promulgated in 1890 prevented women from attending or initiating political meetings or joining political associations. The government banned women from engaging in political activities.
4)
After the end of World War I, democracy was on the rise within the country, and women's suffrage was becoming a reality in developed countries overseas. In 1919, Hiratsuka Raicho and Ichikawa Fusae announced the formation of the New Women's Association.
5)
Oku Mumeo submitted a petition to the 42nd Imperial Diet calling for the amendment of Article 5 of the Public Order and Police Law. Promulgated in 1900, the Public Order and Police Law succeeded the Assembly and Political and Social Security Law.
6)
Article 5 prohibited women from joining political associations, attending political meetings, or being their initiators. After the 42nd Diet was dissolved, the women submitted a petition to the 44th Diet to amend the law and grant universal suffrage to both men and women, and Article 5 was amended in the 45th Diet in 1922.
7)
After achieving some initial success, public interest in women's suffrage grew, and new organisations were formed. The New Women's Association was reorganised as the Women's Federation, and in 1923, the Women's Suffrage League was formed as a federation of groups.
8)
In addition, women's groups that had come together through relief efforts after the Great Kanto Earthquake organised the Tokyo Federation of Women's Associations. Its political department became the parent organisation of the Women's Suffrage Acquisition Promotion Association (renamed the Women's Suffrage Acquisition League in 1923).
9)
The "Preparatory League", led by Kubushiro Otomi and Ichikawa Fusae, submitted three bills to the 50th Diet (the Diet in which the Universal Suffrage Law was passed): women's right to association, women's civil rights (right to vote in local politics), and women's suffrage. It has submitted these bills to every Diet ever since.
10)
In the Showa era, the proletarian parties created women's affiliated groups. Still, there was a conflict between the "Kanto Women's Alliance" from the Labor-Farmer Party, the "National Women's Alliance" from the Japan Labor-Farmer Party, and the "Social People's Women's Alliance" from the Social Democratic Party.
11)
The Women's Suffrage Alliance, whose sole goal was to obtain women's suffrage, took the lead, and seven groups, including proletarian women's groups, held the "National Japan Women's Suffrage Convention" in 1930.
12)
Despite these efforts, the women's suffrage bill failed to pass both houses and from 1933, it was not even submitted to the Diet (the Women's Civil Rights Bill passed the House of Representatives in 1931 but was blocked by the House of Peers). As Japan headed towards war, women were organised into government-controlled organisations, and women's suffrage activists were forced to cooperate with the war effort.
13)
After Japan was defeated, women's suffrage, an issue on the agenda since the Meiji era, was realised as part of the postwar reforms. In October 1945, MacArthur's Five Major Reform Directives ordered the granting of women's suffrage, and in December of the same year, a bill granting men and women over the age of 20 the right to vote for members of the House of Representatives.
14)
Men and women over 25 had the right to run for office, passed both houses and was promulgated. On April 10, 1946, Japanese women exercised the right to vote for the first time, and 39 women entered the National Diet. In September 1946, women also gained the right to vote in local assemblies.
My Own Story - Emmeline Pankhurst
Film Suffragette(2015) - 6.9/10
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3077214/
This is the trailer for "The Future Is a Bouquet," a true story about an ordinary mother who fought for women's suffrage.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_L3sg5YootU
My Own Story by Emmeline PANKHURST read by Various Part 1/2 | Full Audio Book
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wKMWFvVHQ1Y
Modern History Sourcebook: Emmeline Pankhurst: My Own Story, 1914
https://www.btboces.org/Downloads/2_My%20Own%20Story%20by%20Emmeline%20Pankhurst.pdf
Women's activists storm the UK premiere of 'Suffragette', temporarily blocking the red carpet!
https://www.vogue.co.jp/celebrity/news/2015-10/09/suffragette
History of the Suffragettes: The British Women's Suffrage Movement
https://www.daisyring.shop/blog/2020/12/03/175912
100 years since women's suffrage in the UK: posters from the time depict women's anger
https://www.bbc.com/japanese/features-and-analysis-42971614
In the poster above, the children's aprons have the names of political organisations written on them, such as the Women's Liberal League, Independent Labour Party, Primrose League, and Trade Union.
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Two groups were campaigning for women to have the vote back in the early 19th century.
They were the suffragettes and the suffragists. The 'suffragists' campaigned using peaceful methods such as lobbying, and the 'suffragettes' were determined to win the right to vote for women by any means. Their militant campaigning sometimes included unlawful and violent acts, which attracted much publicity.
SUFFRAGETTE JEWELLERY
https://www.antiquejewelleryonline.com/collections/suffragette-jewellery?page=2
Suffragette jewellery directly links to women's suffrage or pays tribute to the movement. The official colours of the Suffragettes were violet, white, and green, and many items of Suffragette jewellery featured peridot, amethyst, and diamond.
Green is for Give
White is for Women
Violet is for Votes
If you can't find the specific piece you're looking for, please get in touch. Our inventory constantly changes, and our expert staff are happy to help.
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