There was another 'old universe' before the Big Bang: research results.
//Summary -Level-C2//
Recent research challenges the traditional Big Bang theory by proposing a "big bounce" scenario. Physicists Dr Stephen Gielen and Dr Neil Turok suggest that our current universe originated from an old contracting universe, not a single point. They use quantum mechanics and conformal symmetry, explaining that the universe transitioned from contraction to expansion without collapsing entirely. Quantum mechanics might have prevented destructive endings, transforming the universe. This groundbreaking hypothesis reinterprets the Big Bang as a bounce, aligning with quantum principles potentially reshaping our understanding of cosmic origins.
//Summary -Level-B2//
Recent research challenges the Big Bang theory, proposing a "big bounce" scenario where the current universe emerged from a contracting, not an entirely new, universe. Physicists Dr. Gielen and Dr. Turok use quantum mechanics and conformal symmetry to explain this. Quantum mechanics prevented a complete collapse, leading to expansion. This hypothesis reinterprets the Big Bang as a bounce, illuminating cosmic origins. Researchers are exploring its potential to explain universal fluctuations. The study was published in Physical Review Letters.
//Summary -Level-A2//
Recent research challenges the Big Bang theory, suggesting a previous "old universe" led to the current one. Quantum mechanics and conformal symmetry explain this "big bounce." Physicists Dr. Gielen and Dr. Turok propose that the universe transitioned from contraction to expansion due to quantum mechanics, preventing a complete collapse. This theory reinterprets the Big Bang as a bounce, offering new insights into the universe's beginnings. Researchers are exploring its applications, published in Physical Review Letters.
The popular belief that the universe began with the Big Bang may be wrong. A study using quantum mechanics has been announced, which shows that the current universe was created when the "old universe", which was in a state of contraction, began to expand.
A)
The universe constantly expands, and it is generally believed that it began with the Big Bang - an explosion from a single point of infinite density and heat.
However, research into the early universe has shown that the universe may have formed from an old, crumbling universe rather than something entirely new.
Physicists have long debated this idea. According to the Big Bang theory, the universe began in a state that violated the laws of physics as we understand them. Instead, some scientists believe that the universe had two periods of contraction and expansion that switched at the time of the Big Bang.
B)
This so-called "big bounce" theory was published in 1922. However, physicists could not explain how the universe went from contracting to expanding (or vice versa), and the debate was shelved until now.
C)
The quantum that saved the universe
Dr Stephen Gielen of Imperial College London and Dr Neil Turok, director of Canada's Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, presented how the big bounce could happen.
Research shows that in the early universe, the laws of physics were the same from the overall structure of the universe down to the atomic level, and the behaviour was the same at all scales. This idea is known as 'conformal symmetry'.
In the modern universe, this symmetry is broken because subatomic particles behave differently from more significant matter. This is because elementary particles are controlled by something called quantum mechanics.
But in the early universe, everything was so tiny that only the principles of quantum mechanics applied, not the large-scale physics we see today.
Dr Gielen and Dr Turok built a mathematical model to explain how the universe evolved based on the idea that the universe was in a state of conformal symmetry when it began and that this conforms to the rules of quantum mechanics. Using quantum mechanics, it explains that our current universe did not start from a single point but from an old, shrinking universe.
D)
In particular, they believe that quantum mechanics may have prevented the universe from collapsing or destroying itself at the end of the contraction phase (known as the Big Crunch or Big Rip). Instead, the universe went from a contracting state to an expanding state without completely collapsing.
Dr Gielen says. "Quantum mechanics helps us when things break down. It prevents electrons from falling and atoms from splitting. So maybe quantum mechanics helps us when things break down. It must have saved the universe during violent endings and beginnings."
"The amazing thing about our work is that we have explained the very first moments of the Big Bang in terms of quantum mechanics, with a reasonable minimum of assumptions," adds Turok. "According to this hypothesis, the Big Bang was a 'bounce' that transformed contraction into expansion."
The two researchers are now investigating whether this model can be used to explain the origin of disturbances in the universe, known as fluctuations. The study has been published in Physical Review Letters.
There was another 'old universe' before the Big Bang: research results.
https://wired.jp/2016/07/29/big-bounce-universe/
[Birth of the Universe] What happened before the Big Bang?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-bRrQCSWdY
[Theory] The mystery of black holes and the birth of the universe [Full] Unraveling the mechanism of the universe (Discovery Channel)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vE-Swf8my8I
